for Question Paper and Key go through the link given below
Question Paper of EE GATE 2013 from ACE Website
Answers
Question Paper of EE GATE 2013 from ACE Website
Answers
Showing posts with label ntpc. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ntpc. Show all posts
Sunday, 10 February 2013
Monday, 3 December 2012
ONGC Recruitment 2013 for Engineers Advertisement Exam Date Freshers
ONGC
Recruitment 2013 - ONGC has announced
the notification of recruitment for various posts of engineers. Interested and eligible candidates may fill application form
on or before 03rd December 2012. If you are interested in this job then
check all the information given below:
ONGC vacancy
for Engineer 2013
|
Organization name
|
ONGC
|
|
Post name
|
Different
|
|
Qualification
|
Degree in related field
|
|
Selection process
|
|
|
Last date for submit application
|
03rd December 2012
|
Monday, 1 October 2012
Sunday, 23 September 2012
Protection System in Power System
This portion of our website covers almost everything related to protection system in power systemincluding standard lead and device numbers, mode of connections at terminal strips, color codes in multi-core cables, Dos and Don’ts in execution. It also covers principles of various power system protection relays and schemes including special power system protection schemes like differential relays, restricted earth fault protection, directional relays and distance relays etc. The details of transformer protection, generator protection, transmission line protection & protection of capacitor banks are also given. It covers almost everything about protection of power system.
The switchgear testing, instrument transformers like current transformer testing voltage or potential transformer testing and associated protection relay are explained in detail. The close and trip, indication and alarm circuits different of Circuit breakers are also included and explain.
Objective of power system protection
The objective of power system protection is to isolate a faulty section of electrical power system from rest of the live system so that the rest portion can function satisfactorily without any severer damage due to fault current.
Actually circuit breaker isolates the faulty system from rest of the healthy system and this circuit breakers automatically open during fault condition due to its trip signal comes from protection relay. The main philosophy about protection is that no protection of power system can prevent the flow of fault current through the system, it only can prevent the continuation of flowing of fault current by quickly disconnect the short circuit path from the system. For satisfying this quick disconnection the protection relays should have following functional requirements.
Protection system in power system
Let’s have a discussion on basic concept of Protection system in power system and coordination ofprotection relays.
In the picture the basic connection of protection relay has been shown. It is quite simple. The secondary of current transformer is connected to the current coil of relay. And secondary of voltage transformer is connected to the voltage coil of the relay. Whenever any fault occurs in the feeder circuit, proportionate secondary current of the CT will flow through the current coil of the relay due to which mmf of that coil is increased. This increased mmf is sufficient to mechanically close the normally open contact of the relay. This relay contact actually closes and completes the DC trip coil circuit and hence the trip coil is energized. The mmf of the trip coil initiates the mechanical movement of the tripping mechanism of the circuit breaker and ultimately the circuit breaker is tripped to isolate the fault.
The functional requirements of protection relay
Reliability
The most important requisite of protective relay is reliability. They remain inoperative for a long time before a fault occurs; but if a fault occurs, the relays must respond instantly and correctly.
Selectivity
The relay must be operated in only those conditions for which relays are commissioned in the electrical power system. There may be some typical condition during fault for which some relays should not be operated or operated after some definite time delay hence protection relay must be sufficiently capable to select appropriate condition for which it would be operated.
Sensitivity
The relaying equipment must be sufficiently sensitive so that it can be operated reliably when level of fault condition just crosses the predefined limit.
Speed
The protective relays must operate at the required speed. There must be a correct coordination provided in various power system protection relays in such a way that for fault at one portion of the system should not disturb other healthy portion. Fault current may flow through a part of healthy portion since they are electrically connected but relays associated with that healthy portion should not be operated faster than the relays of faulty portion otherwise undesired interruption of healthy system may occur. Again if relay associated with faulty portion is not operated in proper time due to any defect in it or other reason, then only the next relay associated with the healthy portion of the system must be operated to isolate the fault. Hence it should neither be too slow which may result in damage to the equipment nor should it be too fast which may result in undesired operation.
Important Elements for power system protection
Switch gear
Consists of mainly Bulk oil Circuit breaker, Minimum oil Circuit breaker, SF6 Circuit breaker, Air Blast Circuit breaker and Vacuum Circuit breaker etc. Different operating mechanisms such as solenoid, spring, pneumatic, hydraulic etc. are employed in Circuit Breaker. Circuit Breaker is the main part of protection system in power system it automatically isolate the faulty portion of the system by opening its contacts.
Protective gear
Consists of mainly power system protection relays like current relays, voltage relays, impedance relays, power relays, frequency relays, etc. based on operating parameter, definite time relays, inverse time relays, stepped relays etc. as per operating characteristic, logic wise such as differential relays, over fluxing relays etc. During fault the protection relay gives trip signal to the associated circuit breaker for opening its contacts.
Station Battery
All the circuit breakers of electrical power system are DC (Direct Current) operated. Because DC power can be stored in battery and if situation comes when total failure of incoming power occurs, still the circuit breakers can be operated for restoring the situation by the power of storage battery. Hence the battery is another essential item of the power system. Some time it is referred as the heart of the electrical substation. A Substation battery or simply a Station battery containing a number of cells accumulate energy during the period of availability of A.C supply and discharge at the time when relays operate so that relevant circuit breaker is tripped.
Sunday, 12 August 2012
GATE Score
From 2013, the GATE score will be computed by a new formula.
This formula is different from the one used earlier. After the declaration of the results, a GATE Scorecard will be issued to all the candidates of a paper whose marks are equal to or above the qualifying marks of SC/ST/PD candidates in that paper. There is no provision for the issue of Additional GATE scorecard.
The GATE 2013 Committee with the NCB’s approval has the authority to decide the qualifying mark for each GATE paper. In case any claim or dispute arises in respect of GATE 2013, it is hereby made absolutely clear that the Courts and Tribunals in Mumbai and Mumbai alone shall have the exclusive jurisdiction to entertain and settle any such dispute or claim.
Friday, 10 August 2012
GATE -2013
Online Or Offline?
Examination
Schedule And Cities
|
GATE Paper Codes
|
Examination Time
|
Examination Date (Day)
|
Examination Type
|
Examination Cities
|
|
AR, CE, GG, MA, MT, PH, and TF
|
09:00 hrs–12:00 hrs
|
20 January 2013 (Sunday)
|
ONLINE
|
Listed in Table separately
|
|
AE, AG, BT, CH, CY, MN, XE, and XL
|
14:00 hrs–17:00 hrs
|
|||
|
CS, ME and PI
|
09:00 hrs–12:00 hrs
|
10 February 2013 (Sunday)
|
OFFLINE
|
Listed in Table separately
|
|
EC, EE and IN
|
14:00 hrs–17:00 hrs
|
ONLINE
Examination: A computer based test (CBT) where the candidate
will use a computer mouse to choose a correct answer or enter a numerical
answer via a virtual keypad.
OFFLINE
Examination: A paper based examination where the candidate
will mark the correct answer out of four options in an Optical Response Sheet
(ORS) by darkening the appropriate bubble with a pen.
The overall coordination and responsibility of conducting
GATE 2013 lies with Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, and is
designated as the Organizing Institute for GATE 2013.
GATE 2013
Important Dates
|
GATE Online Applicant Interface (website) Opens
|
Saturday
|
1 September 2012
(00:00 Hrs)
|
|
Last date for Submission of Online Application (website
closure)
|
Sunday
|
30 September 2012
(23:00 Hrs)
|
|
Last date for the receipt of printed version of ONLINE
Application at the respective zonal GATE Office
|
Monday
|
8 October 2012
|
|
Last date for request of change of city
|
Tuesday
|
20 November 2012
|
|
Availability of admit card on Online Application Interface
|
Wednesday
|
5 December, 2012
|
|
GATE 2013 Online Examination for Papers:
AR, CE, GG, MA, MT, PH and TF
|
Sunday
|
20 January 2013
(09:00 Hrs to 12:00 Hrs)
|
|
GATE 2013 Online Examination for Papers:
AE, AG, BT, CH, CY, MN, XE and XL
|
Sunday
|
20 January 2013
(14:00 Hrs to 17:00 Hrs)
|
|
GATE 2013 Offline Examination for Papers:
CS, ME and PI
|
Sunday
|
10 February 2013
(09:00 Hrs to 12:00 Hrs)
|
|
GATE 2013 Offline Examination for Papers:
EC, EE and IN
|
Sunday
|
10 February 2013
(14:00 Hrs to 17:00 Hrs)
|
|
Announcement of results on Online Applicant Interface
|
GATE 2013
Important Points for GATE 2013.
Application Process: For GATE 2013, candidates
need to register and fill the application ONLINE only by accessing the zonal
GATE websites of IISc and seven IITs. The application process is complete only
when a print out of the filled ONLINE application with the candidate’s
signature and a good quality photo affixed in the appropriate place is received
by the respective GATE office along with necessary documents, if any, on or
before 8 October 2012. Please note that application forms are NOT available for
sale anywhere.
Downloadable Admit Card: Admit cards are NOT sent by
mail anymore. Admit cards can only be downloaded from the zonal GATE websites
from 5th December 2012 onwards. Bring the admit card to the test center along
with at least one original (not photocopied / scanned copy) and valid (not
expired) photo identification.
Use of black ink ball point pen for Offline exams:
Candidates should use only black ink ball point pen for
darkening of the bubbles in the OMR sheet. Since bubbles darkened by the black
ink ball point pen cannot be erased, candidates should darken the bubbles in
the OMR sheet very carefully (be sure before darkening).
Numerical answer type questions in ONLINE papers: In
the ONLINE papers, the question paper will consist of questions of multiple
choice type and questions of numerical answer type. For multiple choice type
questions, each question will have four choices for the answer. For numerical
answer type questions, each question will have a number as the answer. Each
online paper will have 15 or more marks worth of questions requiring numerical
answers where possible.
Pre-final year students: Pre-final year students
are NOT eligible to write GATE 2013. For details, refer to eligibility for GATE examination.
GATE- 2013
What’s New
in GATE 2013?
15 subject papers will be conducted by an ONLINE computer
based test: AE, AG, AR, BT, CE, CH, CY, GG, MA, MN, MT, PH, TF, XE, and
XL.
Female candidates are exempted from paying the
application fee.
All candidate related information and grievance redressal
will be available in a single GATE Online Applicant Interface. (What is it?)
Soft copies of photograph and signature must be uploaded
during online application (This is in addition to sending recent photograph of
applicant with signed application).
A new formula will be used for calculating
the GATE score.
Biometric information (Photograph and fingerprint) may be
captured on the day of the examination for randomly selected candidates.
GATE -2013
Pattern of Question Papers and Marking Scheme
Pattern of
Question Papers
The examination for the papers with codes AE, AG, AR, BT,
CE, CH, CY, GG, MA, MN, MT, PH, TF, XE and XL will be conducted ONLINE using
computers where the candidates will be required to select the answer for each
question using a mouse. For all other papers (CS, EC, EE, IN, ME & PI),
the exam will be conducted OFFLINE in whicih candidates will have to mark the
correct choice on an Optical Response Sheet (ORS) by darkening the appropriate
bubble against each question.
In all the papers, there will be a total of 65 questions
carrying 100 marks, out of which 10 questions carrying total of 15 marks are in
General Aptitude (GA). The remaining of 85% of the total marks is devoted to
the syllabus of the paper (as indicated in the syllabus section)
GATE 2013
would contain questions of four different types in various papers:
(i) Multiple choice questions carrying 1 or 2
marks each; Each of the multiple choice objective questions in all
papers and sections will contain four answers, of which one correct answer
is to be marked.
(ii) Common data questions (which are also multiple
choice questions), where two successive questions use the same set of input
data;
Example
Statement for Common Data Questions, for instance, for
Questions 48 and 49 in Main Paper:
Let X and Y be jointly distributed random variables such
that the conditional distribution of Y, given X=x, is uniform on the interval
(x-1,x+1). Suppose E(X)=1 and Var(X)=5/3.
First question using common data:
Q.48 The mean of the random variable Y is
(A) 1/2 (B) 1 (C) 3/2 (D) 2
Second question using common data:
Q.49 The variance of the random variable Y is
(A) 1/2 (B) 2/3 (C) 1 (D) 2
(iii) Linked answer questions (which are also multiple
choice questions), where the answer to the first question in the pair is
required to answer its successor;
Example: Statement for Linked Answer Questions, for
instance, for Questions 52 and 53 in Main Paper:
An E. coli cell of volume 10-12 cm3 contains 60
molecules of lac-repressor. The repressor has a binding affinity (Kd) of 10-8 M
and 10-9 M with and without lactose respectively, in the medium.
First question of the pair:
Q.52 The molar concentration of the repressor in the cell is
(A) 0.1 nM (B) 1 nM (C) 10 nM (D) 100 nM
Second question of the pair:
Q.53 Therefore the lac-operon is
(A) repressed and can only be induced with lactose.
(B) repressed and cannot be induced with lactose.
(C) not repressed.
(D) expressed only when glucose and lactose are present.
(iv) Numerical answer questions, where the answer is a
number, to be entered by the candidate using the mouse and a virtual keypad
that will be provided on the screen.
Design of Questions
The questions in a paper may be designed to test the
following abilities:
(i) Recall: These are based on facts, principles,
formulae or laws of the discipline of the paper. The candidate is expected to
be able to obtain the answer either from his/her memory of the subject or at
most from a one-line computation.
Example
Q. During machining maximum heat is produced
(A) in flank face
(B) in rake face
(C) in shear zone
(D) due to friction between chip and tool
(ii) Comprehension: These questions will test the
candidate’s understanding of the basics of his/her field, by requiring him/her
to draw simple conclusions from fundamental ideas.
Example
Q. A DC motor requires a starter in order to
(A) develop a starting torque
(B) compensate for auxiliary field ampere turns
(C) limit armature current at starting
(D) provide regenerative braking
(iii) Application: In these questions, the
candidate is expected to apply his/her knowledge either through computation or
by logical reasoning.
Example
Q. The sequent depth ratio of a hydraulic jump in a
rectangular channel is 16.48. The Froude number at the beginning of the jump
is:
(A) 5.0 (B) 8.0 (C)
10.0 (D) 12.0
(iv) Analysis and Synthesis: These can be
linked answer questions, where the answer to the first question of the pair is
required in order to answer its successor. Or these can be common data
questions, in which two questions share the same data but can be solved
independently of each other.
Common data based questions: Two questions are linked to a
common data problem, passage and the like. Each question is independent and its
solution is obtainable from the above problem data or passage directly. (Answer
of the previous question is not required to solve the next question). Each
question under this group will carry two marks.
Linked answer questions: These questions are of problem
solving type. A problem statement is followed by two questions based on the
problem statement. The two questions are designed such that the solution to the
second question depends upon the answer to the first one. In other words, the
first answer is an intermediate step in working out the second answer. Each
question in such ‘linked answer questions’ will carry two marks.
Examples of each of this design is given in the types of
questions above.
The questions based on the above four logics may be a mix of
single stand alone statement/phrase /data type questions, combination of option
codes type questions or match items type questions.
Marking Scheme
For 1 mark multiple choice questions, 1/3 mark will be
deducted for a wrong answer. Likewise, for 2 marks multiple choice questions,
2/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer. However, for the linked
answer question pair, where each question carries 2 marks, 2/3 mark will
be deducted for a wrong answer to the first question only. There is no negative
marking for wrong answer to the second question of the linked answer question
pair. If the first question in the linked pair is wrongly answered or is
unattempted, then the answer to the second question in the pair will not be
evaluated. There is no negative marking for numerical answer type questions
(numerical answer type questions will appear only in the papers for which the
exam is ONLINE only).
General
Aptitude (GA) Questions
In all papers, GA questions are of multiple choice type, and
carry a total of 15 marks. The GA section includes 5 questions carrying 1
mark each (sub-total 5 marks) and 5 questions carrying 2 marks each (sub-total
10 marks).
Question
papers other than GG, XE and XL
These papers would contain 25 questions carrying one
mark each (sub-total 25 marks) and 30 questions carrying two marks each
(sub-total 60 marks). Out of these, two pairs of questions would be
common data questions, and two pairs of questions would be linked answer
questions. In the ONLINE papers, the question paper will consist of
questions of multiple choice type and numerical answer type. For multiple
choice type questions, each question will have four choices for the answer. For
numerical answer type questions, each question will have a number as the answer
and choices will not be given. The answer is to be entered using the mouse
and a virtual keypad that will appear on the screen.
GG (Geology and Geophysics) Paper
Apart from the General Aptitude (GA) section, the GG
question paper consists of two parts: Part A and Part B. Part A is common for
all candidates. Part B contains two sections: Section 1 (Geology) and Section 2
(Geo-physics). Candidates will have to attempt questions in Part A and either
Section 1 or Section 2 in Part B.
Part A consists of 25 multiple choice questions carrying
1-mark each (sub-total 25 marks & some of these may be numerical
questions). Each section in Part B (Section 1 and Section 2) consists of
30 multiple choice questions carrying 2 marks each (sub-total 60 marks and some
of these may be numerical questions). Out of these, two pairs of questions
would be common data questions, and two pairs of questions would be linked
answer questions.
XE Paper
(Engineering Sciences)
In XE paper, Engineering Mathematics section (Section A) is
compulsory. This section contains 11 multiple choice questions carrying a total
of 15 marks: 7 questions carrying 1-mark each (sub-total 7 marks), and 4
questions carrying 2-marks each (sub-total 8 marks). Some of the multiple
choice questions may be replaced by numerical questions.
Each of the other sections of the XE paper (Sections B
through G) contains 22 questions carrying a total of 35 marks: 9
questions carrying 1 mark each (sub-total 9 marks) and 13 questions carrying 2
marks each (sub-total 26 marks). Out of the 2 mark questions, 2 pairs are
common data questions and 1 pair is linked answer questions. Some of the
multiple choice questions may be replaced by numerical questions.
XL Paper (Life
Sciences)
In XL paper, Chemistry section (Section H) is
compulsory. This section contains 15 multiple choice questions carrying a total
of 25 marks: 5 questions carrying 1 mark each (sub-total 5 marks) and 10
questions carrying 2-marks each (sub-total 20 marks). Out of the 2-mark
questions, 1 pair is common data questions, and 1 pair is linked answer
questions. Some of the multiple choice questions may be replaced by
numerical questions.
Each of the other sections of the XL paper (Sections I
through M) contains 20 multiple choice questions carrying a total of 30 marks:
10 questions carrying 1 mark each (sub-total 10 marks) and 10 questions
carrying 2 marks each (sub-total 20 marks). Some of the multiple choice
questions may be replaced by numerical questions.
GATE - 2013
Structure of GATE 2013
A candidate can apply for only ONE of the 21 papers listed
in Table given below. The syllabus for each of the papers is given
separately. Making a choice of the appropriate paper during GATE application is
the responsibility of the candidate. Some guidelines in this respect are
suggested below.
The candidate is expected to appear in a paper appropriate
to the discipline of his/her qualifying degree. The candidate is, however, free
to choose any paper according to his/her admission plan, keeping in mind the
eligibility criteria of the institutions in which he/she wishes to seek
admission.
Table: List
of GATE papers and corresponding codes
|
Sl.No
|
Paper
|
Code
|
Sl.No
|
Paper
|
Code
|
|
|
1
|
Aerospace Engineering
|
AE
|
12
|
Instrumentation Engineering
|
IN
|
|
|
2
|
Agricultural Engineering
|
AG
|
13
|
Mathematics
|
MA
|
|
|
3
|
Architecture and Planning
|
AR
|
14
|
Mechanical Engineering
|
ME
|
|
|
4
|
Biotechnology
|
BT
|
15
|
Mining Engineering
|
MN
|
|
|
5
|
Civil Engineering
|
CE
|
16
|
Metallurgical Engineering
|
MT
|
|
|
6
|
Chemical Engineering
|
CH
|
17
|
Physics
|
PH
|
|
|
7
|
Computer Science and Information Technology
|
CS
|
18
|
Production and Industrial Engineering
|
PI
|
|
|
8
|
Chemistry
|
CY
|
19
|
Textile Engineering and Fibre Science
|
TF
|
|
|
9
|
Electronics and Communication Engineering
|
EC
|
20
|
Engineering Sciences
|
XE*
|
|
|
10
|
Electrical Engineering
|
EE
|
21
|
Life Sciences
|
XL*
|
|
|
11
|
Geology and Geophysics
|
GG
|
||||
|
XE Paper Sections
|
Code
|
XL Paper Sections
|
Code
|
|||
|
Engineering Mathematics (Compulsory)
|
A
|
Chemistry (Compulsory)
|
H
|
|||
|
Fluid Mechanics
|
B
|
Biochemistry
|
I
|
|||
|
Materials Science
|
C
|
Botany
|
J
|
|||
|
Solid Mechanics
|
D
|
Microbiology
|
K
|
|||
|
Thermodynamics
|
E
|
Zoology
|
L
|
|||
|
Polymer Science and Engineering
|
F
|
Food Technology
|
M
|
|||
|
Food Technology
|
G
|
* XE (Engineering Sciences) and XL (Life Sciences) papers
are of general nature and will comprise of the sections listed in the above
table. See further explanation below.
Duration
and Exam Type
The GATE examination consists of a single paper of 3 hours duration
which contains 65 questions carrying a maximum of 100 marks. The question paper
will consist of only objective questions. The pattern of question
papers is discussed separately in detail.
The examination for the papers with codes AE, AG, AR, BT,
CE, CH, CY, GG, PH, MA, MN, MT, TF, XE, and XL will be carried out as ONLINE
computer based test where the candidates will be shown the questions in a
random sequence on a computer screen. The candidates are required to enter the
answer for each question using a mouse (keyboards will be disabled).
Candidates will be provided with blank paper sheets for rough work. At
the end of the three hour window, the computer will automatically close the
screen from further actions.
For all other papers (CS, EC, EE, IN, ME, and PI), the
candidates will be given the questions printed on a paper, and they have to
mark the correct choice on an Optical Response Sheet (ORS) by darkening the
appropriate bubble against each question using a black ink ball point pen.
General
Aptitude Questions
All the papers will contain few questions that test the
General Aptitude (Language and Analytical Skills), apart from the core subject
of the paper.
XE Paper
A candidate appearing in the XE paper has to answer the
following
Section A – Engineering Mathematics (compulsory)
GA – General Aptitude (compulsory)
Any two of XE sections B to G
The choice of two out of the sections B to G can be made at
the time of appearing for the exam after viewing the questions. Only two
optional sections can be answered at a time. A candidate wishing to change from
one optional section to another optional section during the exam must first
choose to deselect one of the previously chosen optional sections (B to G).
XL Paper
A candidate appearing in the XL paper has to answer the
following
Section H – Chemistry (compulsory)
GA – General Aptitude (compulsory)
Any two of XL sections I to M
The choice of two out of the sections I to M can be made at
the time of appearing for the exam after viewing the questions. Only two
optional sections can be answered at a time. A candidate wishing to change from
one optional section to another optional section during the exam must first
choose to deselect one of the previously chosen optional sections (I to M).
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